MEF2A is a muscle-specific factor that belongs to the MEF2 gene family. However, only the myogenic enhancer transcription factor 2a (MEF2A) gene has been reported to be expressed in all three muscle tissues (Edmondson et al., 1994 Wang et al., 2000). Muscle development in this stage is regulated by many genes such as muscle regular factors (MRFs) and myostatin (MSTN) (Owens et al.
The fetal stage is also important for smooth muscle maturation and the initiation of physiological functions (Olson, 2006). Although the heart is one of the earliest organs formed during embryogenesis (Forouhar et al., 2006), subsequent development is nevertheless important because heart muscle development is completed during this stage (Noorlander et al. Post-natal muscle hypertrophy involves only myofiber lengthening and thickening (Chauvigne, 2005). The skeletal muscle mass of adult animals is determined early in development and, in most animals, there is no post-natal increase in the number of myofibers. The developmental stages from embryo formation to birth are important for muscle development (Rehfeldt, 2005). Received: Accepted: November 23, 2011.Īnimals possess three major types of muscle, namely, cardiac, skeletal and smooth muscle that are essential for movement (Byers et al. Key words: duck MEF2A, expression profile, in silico analysis, molecular cloning, muscle tissues. Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, P.R. Hehe Liu, Jiwen Wang Jianmin Si Jing Jia Liang Li Chunchun Han Kailiang Huang Hua He Feng Xu Molecular cloning and in silico analysis of the duck (Anas platyrhynchos) MEF2A gene cDNA and its expression profile in muscle tissues during fetal development The expression of MEF2A in duck smooth muscle and cardiac muscle suggests that MEF2A plays a role in these two tissues.ĭuck MEF2A expression profile in silico analysis molecular cloning muscle tissues These results indicate that the conserved domains of duck MEF2A, including the MADS and MEF2 domains, are important for MEF2A transcription factor function. Quantitative PCR showed that MEF2A was expressed in all three muscles at each developmental stage examined, with the expression in smooth muscle being higher than in the other muscles. Modified sites in these domains were conserved among species and several variants were found. In silico analysis showed that MEF2A contained MADS (MCM1, AGAMOUS, DEFICIENS and SRF -serum response factor), MEF2 and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) transcription domains with high homology to related proteins in other species. Duck MEF2A cDNA comprised 1479 bp encoding 492 amino acid residues. HM460752) and examined its developmental expression profiles in cardiac muscle, non-vascular smooth muscle and skeletal muscle. In this work, we cloned the duck MEF2A cDNA sequence (GenBank accession no.
The role of myogenic enhancer transcription factor 2a (MEF2A) in avian muscle during fetal development is unknown.
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